{"id":152749,"date":"2025-11-24T14:21:06","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T14:21:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/co-je-to-zakon-usa-cloud-podcenovane-riziko-pre-europske-podnikove-udaje-a-digitalnu-suverenitu\/"},"modified":"2026-06-01T08:43:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T08:43:44","slug":"co-je-to-zakon-usa-cloud-podcenovane-riziko-pre-europske-podnikove-udaje-a-digitalnu-suverenitu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/co-je-to-zakon-usa-cloud-podcenovane-riziko-pre-europske-podnikove-udaje-a-digitalnu-suverenitu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je to z\u00e1kon USA CLOUD? Pr\u00edstup USA k \u00fadajom E\u00da"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie fakty v skratke<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Americk\u00fd z\u00e1kon CLOUD (Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act) je feder\u00e1lny z\u00e1kon USA<\/strong> z roku 2018, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje americk\u00fdm org\u00e1nom \u017eiada\u0165 \u00fadaje od poskytovate\u013eov cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb v USA &#8211; <strong>bez oh\u013eadu na miesto ulo\u017eenia.<\/strong><br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pova\u017euje sa to za <strong>strategick\u00e9 riziko a<\/strong> potenci\u00e1lne <strong>poru\u0161enie GDPR,<\/strong> preto\u017ee ob\u010danov E\u00da a spolo\u010dnosti pripravuje o \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa pr\u00e1vnu ochranu.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Citliv\u00e9 dokumenty, ako s\u00fa <strong>pr\u00e1vne platn\u00e9 zmluvy a osobn\u00e9 doklady toto\u017enosti, s\u00fa<\/strong> obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 ohrozen\u00e9, preto\u017ee predstavuj\u00fa cenn\u00fd obchodn\u00fd alebo osobn\u00fd majetok.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bezpe\u010dnou strategickou odpove\u010fou pre spolo\u010dnosti je d\u00f4sledne sa rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 pre <strong>eur\u00f3pske platformy a \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1 \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e9<\/strong> podliehaj\u00fa v\u00fdlu\u010dne <strong>pr\u00e1vu E\u00da (<\/strong> GDPR, eIDAS).<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ako 100 % eur\u00f3pska platforma pon\u00faka sproof potrebn\u00fa <strong>digit\u00e1lnu suverenitu, a<\/strong> preto <strong>je<\/strong> bezrizikovou alternat\u00edvou pre spr\u00e1vu podpisov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jadro probl\u00e9mu: extrateritori\u00e1lny pr\u00edstup<\/h2>\n\n<p>Eur\u00f3pske spolo\u010dnosti sa v digit\u00e1lnom svete \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie stret\u00e1vaj\u00fa s konfliktom medzi pr\u00e1vom USA a E\u00da. V centre tejto dilemy je <strong>americk\u00fd z\u00e1kon CLOUD (<\/strong> Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act), ktor\u00fd nadobudol \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 v roku 2018. <\/p>\n\n<p>Opr\u00e1v\u0148uje americk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny presadzovania pr\u00e1va \u017eiada\u0165 \u00fadaje od americk\u00fdch poskytovate\u013eov cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, ako s\u00fa Amazon, Microsoft alebo Google. Rozhoduj\u00facim, strategicky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm bodom je, \u017ee tieto \u017eiadosti s\u00fa <strong>nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 od geografick\u00e9ho miesta ulo\u017eenia \u00fadajov<\/strong>. To, \u010di sa va\u0161e digit\u00e1lne zmluvy nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa vo Frankfurte, Dubline alebo Amsterdame, je z h\u013eadiska z\u00e1kona CLOUD irelevantn\u00e9, pokia\u013e je poskytovate\u013eom slu\u017eieb americk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, \u010do vytv\u00e1ra pr\u00e1vnu \u0161ed\u00fa z\u00f3nu, ke\u010f\u017ee pr\u00edstup USA je potenci\u00e1lne v rozpore <strong>s pr\u00edsnymi po\u017eiadavkami eur\u00f3pskeho v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho nariadenia o ochrane \u00fadajov (GDPR).<\/strong>   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1kon CLOUD a poru\u0161enie GDPR<\/h2>\n\n<p>Strategick\u00e9 riziko je jasn\u00e9: GDPR vy\u017eaduje, aby sa osobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje mohli pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 do tret\u00edch kraj\u00edn alebo v nich sprac\u00fava\u0165 len vtedy, ak je zaru\u010den\u00e1 <strong>primeran\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 ochrany (\u010dl\u00e1nok<\/strong> 45 GDPR).<\/p>\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klade rozsudkov Eur\u00f3pskeho s\u00fadneho dvora (ESD, napr. Schrems II) sa v\u0161ak <strong>zistilo, \u017ee<\/strong> americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kony o doh\u013eade, ako je z\u00e1kon CLOUD, neposkytuj\u00fa primeran\u00fa ochranu \u00fadajov E\u00da.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Aspekt<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>GDPR (pr\u00e1vo E\u00da)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>US CLOUD Act (z\u00e1kon USA)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Legitimiz\u00e1cia pr\u00edstupu<\/strong><\/td><td>S\u00fadny pr\u00edkaz v E\u00da, siln\u00e9 od\u00f4vodnenie<\/td><td>Zatyka\u010d alebo predvolanie do USA, ni\u017e\u0161ie prek\u00e1\u017eky<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ozn\u00e1menie<\/strong><\/td><td>Dotknut\u00e9 osoby musia by\u0165 informovan\u00e9<\/td><td>Poskytovate\u013e m\u00f4\u017ee podlieha\u0165 povinnosti ml\u010danlivosti (bez ozn\u00e1menia)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00dazemn\u00fd dosah<\/strong><\/td><td>Obmedzen\u00e9 na \u00fazemie E\u00da<\/td><td><strong>Extrateritori\u00e1lne,<\/strong> plat\u00ed celosvetovo pre poskytovate\u013eov z USA<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p>V pr\u00edpade <strong>procesu digit\u00e1lneho podpisu<\/strong> ide o ve\u013emi citliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje: Ide o samotn\u00e9 zmluvy, ale aj o d\u00f4kaz <strong>toto\u017enosti a<\/strong> cel\u00fa kontroln\u00fa <strong>stopu (podpisov\u00fd<\/strong> protokol).<\/p>\n\n<p>Digit\u00e1lne zmluvy a podkladov\u00e9 overenie toto\u017enosti s\u00fa <strong>najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edmi<\/strong> <strong>d\u00e1tov\u00fdmi<\/strong> <strong>akt\u00edvami<\/strong> <strong>va\u0161ej<\/strong> <strong>spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong> <strong>.<\/strong> Tu nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 robi\u0165 \u017eiadne kompromisy, pokia\u013e ide o suverenitu. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f0f2f7\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-1024x768.png\" alt=\"Maketa WhitePaper Cloud Act sproof\" class=\"wp-image-2229 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-1536x1152.png 1536w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-2048x1536.png 2048w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-1200x900.png 1200w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Cloud-Act-2025_transparent_DE-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sproof.com\/paper\/white-paper-cloud-act\/https:\/\/www.sproof.com\/paper\/white-paper-cloud-act\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.sproof.com\/paper\/white-paper-cloud-act\/https:\/\/www.sproof.com\/paper\/white-paper-cloud-act\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Biela kniha: Z\u00e1kon o cloude verzus ochrana \u00fadajov: Pre\u010do sa cloud v E\u00da st\u00e1va povinn\u00fdm pre bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zmluvn\u00e9 procesy \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cesta k minimaliz\u00e1cii rizika: intern\u00e9 opatrenia<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rie\u0161en\u00edm pre eur\u00f3pske spolo\u010dnosti nie je len informovanos\u0165 o z\u00e1kone CLOUD, ale aj prijatie opatren\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Identifikujte kritick\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie:<\/strong> Vyhodno\u0165te, ktor\u00e9 \u00fadaje (zmluvy, person\u00e1lne s\u00fabory, dokumenty du\u0161evn\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edctva) je potrebn\u00e9 chr\u00e1ni\u0165.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vyberte si suver\u00e9nnu eur\u00f3psku infra\u0161trukt\u00faru:<\/strong> V t\u00fdchto kritick\u00fdch oblastiach sa spo\u013eahnite na eur\u00f3pske podpisov\u00e9 a hostingov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia v s\u00falade s eIDAS.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 riadenie pr\u00edstupu a identity: Zabezpe\u010di\u0165 <\/strong>, aby pr\u00edstup aj overovanie digit\u00e1lnej identity pre \u00fadaje d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre podpis zostali pod eur\u00f3pskou kontrolou &#8211; napr\u00edklad prostredn\u00edctvom d\u00f4veryhodn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb regulovan\u00fdch v Eur\u00f3pe (v s\u00falade s eIDAS).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Digit\u00e1lna suverenita: sproof ako eur\u00f3pska odpove\u010f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Konflikt okolo CLOUD Act zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje potrebu digit\u00e1lnej <strong>suverenity<\/strong> Eur\u00f3py <strong>.<\/strong> Spolo\u010dnosti musia kona\u0165 akt\u00edvne, aby ich d\u00e1tov\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara bola odoln\u00e1 vo\u010di pr\u00edstupov\u00fdm pr\u00e1vam tret\u00edch kraj\u00edn. <\/p>\n\n<p>Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 sproof bola vyvinut\u00e1 ako eur\u00f3pska platforma pr\u00e1ve s t\u00fdmto strategick\u00fdm zameran\u00edm. Na\u0161a perspekt\u00edva je nekompromisn\u00e1: <\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u00fdhradn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo E\u00da:<\/strong> rie\u0161enia <strong>sproof<\/strong> vr\u00e1tane sproof <strong>sign, sproof ident<\/strong>, <strong>sproof widget<\/strong>, <strong>sproof Fastlane, sproof eID Hub, sproof Validate s\u00fa 100 % vyvinut\u00e9 v Eur\u00f3pe<\/strong> a umiestnen\u00e9 na eur\u00f3pskych serveroch. Podliehaj\u00fa v\u00fdlu\u010dne nariadeniam GDPR a eIDAS. <br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u017diadne riziko vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face zo z\u00e1kona CLOUD: Ke\u010f\u017ee<\/strong> spolo\u010dnos\u0165 sproof nie je americkou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou a neprev\u00e1dzkuje \u017eiadne dc\u00e9rske spolo\u010dnosti v USA, americk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny nem\u00f4\u017eu vym\u00e1ha\u0165 pr\u00edstup prostredn\u00edctvom z\u00e1kona CLOUD.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Certifik\u00e1cia eIDAS: Na\u0161e slu\u017eby<\/strong> sp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa najvy\u0161\u0161ie eur\u00f3pske normy d\u00f4veryhodnosti, najm\u00e4 pokia\u013e ide o kvalifikovan\u00fd <strong>elektronick\u00fd podpis (QES).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>T\u00e1to vo\u013eba nie je len ot\u00e1zkou dodr\u017eiavania pr\u00e1vnych predpisov, ale <strong>strategickou konkuren\u010dnou v\u00fdhodou, ktor\u00e1<\/strong> signalizuje maxim\u00e1lnu d\u00f4veru va\u0161ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov a partnerov.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Chr\u00e1\u0148te svoje najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie \u00fadaje. Vyberte si digit\u00e1lnu suverenitu. <\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sproof.com\/vertrieb\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Za\u010dnite teraz s prechodom na 100 % eur\u00f3psku podpisov\u00fa platformu, ktor\u00e1 zaru\u010duje bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161ho s\u00faladu \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Podce\u0148ovan\u00e9 riziko pre eur\u00f3pske podnikov\u00e9 \u00fadaje a digit\u00e1lnu suverenitu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":154312,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[967],"tags":[1279,1289,1285,1281,985,1287,1283],"class_list":["post-152749","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-znalostny-prispevok","tag-cloud-act","tag-cloud-eu","tag-digitalna-suverenita","tag-elektronicky-podpis","tag-gdpr","tag-ochrana-udajov","tag-pravo-eu"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=152749"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":158055,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152749\/revisions\/158055"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/154312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=152749"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=152749"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=152749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}