{"id":29067,"date":"2023-05-02T07:41:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T07:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/jak-funguje-kvalifikovany-digitalni-podpis\/"},"modified":"2025-10-06T13:29:02","modified_gmt":"2025-10-06T13:29:02","slug":"jak-funguje-kvalifikovany-digitalni-podpis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/jak-funguje-kvalifikovany-digitalni-podpis\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak funguje kvalifikovan\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis je nezfal\u0161ovateln\u00fdm ekvivalentem vlastnoru\u010dn\u00edho podpisu. Za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u011b generovan\u00e9 podpisy rovn\u011b\u017e spl\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edpisy stanoven\u00e9 v na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed eIDAS. Pak je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis nejen odoln\u00fd proti pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 stoprocentn\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u011b platn\u00fd.    <\/p>\n\n<p>U mnoha lid\u00ed v\u0161ak toto t\u00e9ma st\u00e1le vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky a nejistotu. Je m\u016fj podpis bezpe\u010dn\u00fd? M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt m\u016fj podpis zfal\u0161ov\u00e1n? Jak se mohu ujistit, \u017ee se podepsala spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 osoba?     <\/p>\n\n<p>Abychom mohli odpov\u011bd\u011bt na tyto a dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, budeme se v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku zab\u00fdvat t\u00edm, jak lze dokument platn\u011b digit\u00e1ln\u011b podepsat a co je k tomu pot\u0159eba.<\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">To umo\u017e\u0148uje bezpe\u010dn\u011b digit\u00e1ln\u011b podepsat elektronick\u00fd dokument.<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Rozd\u00edln\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f6f8f9\"><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisy se<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ke schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed dokument\u016f v elektronick\u00e9 podob\u011b. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 kryptografick\u00e9 mechanismy k ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pravosti digit\u00e1ln\u00edch dokument\u016f a zpr\u00e1v, potvrzuj\u00ed identitu podepisuj\u00edc\u00edch osob a chr\u00e1n\u00ed data p\u0159ed manipulac\u00ed a pozm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u011bhem p\u0159enosu.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisy jsou vybaveny backendov\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee dokument m\u016f\u017ee podepsat pouze opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 osoba, a zabra\u0148uj\u00ed zm\u011bn\u00e1m po podpisu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis je generov\u00e1n pomoc\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho identifik\u00e1toru, kter\u00fd se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 &#8220;digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1t&#8221; nebo &#8220;certifik\u00e1t ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de&#8221;. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed akreditovan\u00e9 certifika\u010dn\u00ed autority po ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed toto\u017enosti \u017eadatele.   <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Certifika\u010dn\u00ed autorita (CA) je subjekt<\/strong>, kter\u00fd je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn vyd\u00e1vat digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty. Funguje jako d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e1 t\u0159et\u00ed strana (TTP), kter\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159uje identitu dr\u017eitele certifik\u00e1tu. Certifika\u010dn\u00ed autorita rovn\u011b\u017e osv\u011bd\u010duje vlastnictv\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de.    <br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1t je<\/strong> elektronick\u00fd pas, kter\u00fd identifikuje \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka konverzace zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 protokolem PKI a umo\u017e\u0148uje jednotlivc\u016fm a instituc\u00edm bezpe\u010dn\u011b sd\u00edlet data online. \u0160ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed a de\u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed dvojice ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho a soukrom\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de.   <br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d je<\/strong> jedine\u010dn\u00fd \u010d\u00edseln\u00fd identifik\u00e1tor pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd k \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat nebo ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podpis\u016f. Vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 jej certifika\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1n osob\u011b nebo organizaci a je ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fd ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo jej pot\u0159ebuje.   <br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d zn\u00e1<\/strong> pouze jeho vlastn\u00edk. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se k de\u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de nebo k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podpis\u016f.   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisy a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty spolu \u00fazce souvisej\u00ed. Va\u0161e aplikace a pou\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, jak jsou tyto syst\u00e9my implementov\u00e1ny a jak funguje infrastruktura PKI. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1t se n\u011bkdy ozna\u010duje jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisov\u00fd certifik\u00e1t, proto\u017ee potvrzuje ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d (pravost) podepisuj\u00edc\u00ed autority.    <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d pot\u0159ebuji digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis a certifik\u00e1t?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Za\u010dn\u011bme jednoduch\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Alice a Bob spolu cht\u011bj\u00ed komunikovat nebo podepsat dokument.   <\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 1: \u00davodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad<\/h4>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"892\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-1024x892.png\" alt=\"Jak funguje digit&#xE1;ln&#xED; podpis\" class=\"wp-image-3034\" style=\"width:478px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-1024x892.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-300x261.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-768x669.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-1200x1045.png 1200w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-600x523.png 600w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur.png 1303w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Alice m\u00e1 dva digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010de &#8211; ve\u0159ejn\u00fd (PA) a soukrom\u00fd\/tajn\u00fd (SA) kl\u00ed\u010d. Ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ed\u00e1n. Soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d v\u0161ak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tajn\u00fd a Alice jej mus\u00ed uchov\u00e1vat v bezpe\u010d\u00ed.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Alice vytvo\u0159\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1t, kter\u00fd obsahuje jej\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d a e-mailovou adresu. Tento certifik\u00e1t po\u0161le Bobovi, aby s n\u00edm sd\u00edlela sv\u016fj ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Alice nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee podepsat dokument sv\u00fdm soukrom\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem a odeslat jej Bobovi. Bob pak m\u016f\u017ee zkontrolovat, zda Alicin ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d odpov\u00edd\u00e1 podpisu proveden\u00e9mu Alicin\u00fdm soukrom\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Soukrom\u00fd a ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d jsou tedy dv\u011b strany jedn\u00e9 mince. Cokoli podepsan\u00e9 soukrom\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem lze ov\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de.   <\/p>\n\n<p>T\u00edm je nyn\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee pouze Alice m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e9st podpis pomoc\u00ed sv\u00e9ho soukrom\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de.<\/p>\n\n<p>Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba zav\u00e9st dal\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<br\/>Je t\u0159eba zajistit, aby se skute\u010dn\u011b kontrolovalo propojen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de Alice a jej\u00edho u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho ID (nap\u0159. e-mailov\u00e9 adresy).<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 2: Co se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, pokud certifik\u00e1t nen\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159en?<\/h4>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"892\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat-1024x892.png\" alt=\"Jak funguje digit&#xE1;ln&#xED; podpis - certifik&#xE1;t\" class=\"wp-image-3037\" style=\"width:468px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat-1024x892.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat-300x261.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat-768x669.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat-1200x1045.png 1200w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat-600x523.png 600w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-Zertifikat.png 1303w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Tentokr\u00e1t chce Mallory p\u0159edst\u00edrat, \u017ee je Alice, a komunikovat s Bobem. Mallory nem\u00e1 ani Alicin, ani Bob\u016fv soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d. M\u00e1 v\u0161ak sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed p\u00e1r soukrom\u00fd a ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Mallory se sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit Boba, \u017ee jeho soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d pat\u0159\u00ed Alici. Za t\u00edmto \u00fa\u010delem s\u00e1m sestav\u00ed certifik\u00e1t ze sv\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de a Alicina e-mailu a po\u0161le jej Bobovi. Ten si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d obdr\u017eel od Alice.    <\/p>\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee Mallory podepisovat dokumenty sv\u00fdm soukrom\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem a bez p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek je odes\u00edlat Bobovi. Ten m\u016f\u017ee podpisy znovu zkontrolovat ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem a znovu porovnat, kter\u00e9 to jsou. Bob je nyn\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee Alice tuto zpr\u00e1vu podepsala. Ve skute\u010dnosti to v\u0161ak byl Mallory.     <\/p>\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee Mallory m\u00e1 mo\u017enost vytvo\u0159it spojen\u00ed mezi sv\u00fdm ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem a Alicin\u00fdm u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdm ID.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tomu v\u0161ak chceme zabr\u00e1nit a k tomu pot\u0159ebujeme t\u0159et\u00ed stranu.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 3: Jak to ud\u011blat spr\u00e1vn\u011b?<\/h4>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"799\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-799x1024.webp\" alt=\"- Digitale Signatur\" class=\"wp-image-3046\" style=\"width:448px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-799x1024.webp 799w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-234x300.webp 234w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-768x984.webp 768w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-1198x1536.webp 1198w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-1200x1538.webp 1200w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign-600x769.webp 600w, https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Wie-funktioniert-digitale-Signatur-sproof-sign.webp 1302w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trent je d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e1 t\u0159et\u00ed strana, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed propojen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de Alice a jej\u00edho ID u\u017eivatele. Trent ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed identitu Alice, nap\u0159. pomoc\u00ed kontroly ID pomoc\u00ed Video Ident, a certifikuje digit\u00e1ln\u00ed certifik\u00e1t.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Alice nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee podepisovat zpr\u00e1vy a Bob si m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jist\u00fd, \u017ee zpr\u00e1va skute\u010dn\u011b poch\u00e1z\u00ed od Alice. To n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisy odoln\u00e9 proti pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed!   <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jsou proto dv\u011b v\u011bci:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zji\u0161t\u011bna Alicina identita a jej\u00ed UserID mus\u00ed b\u00fdt spojeno s ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem. Soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d m\u00e1 Alice v\u017edy v bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u00faschov\u011b. Bu\u010f u sebe, nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho poskytovatele t\u0159et\u00ed strany, nap\u0159\u00edklad sproof.    <br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za druh\u00e9, p\u0159i podpisu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ov\u011b\u0159ena toto\u017enost podepisuj\u00edc\u00ed osoby, nap\u0159\u00edklad prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm push zpr\u00e1vy na mobiln\u00edm telefonu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>To n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kvalifikovan\u00e9 podpisy, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm stejn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jako analogov\u00e9 podpisy.<\/p>\n\n<p>Z technick\u00e9ho hlediska je ka\u017ed\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis vytvo\u0159en\u00fd pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed dokument jedine\u010dn\u00fd, a proto je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ho zfal\u0161ovat. Schopnost digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podpis\u016f zajistit integritu a pravost elektronick\u00fdch dokument\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 uv\u00e9st souhlas podepisuj\u00edc\u00ed osoby umo\u017e\u0148uje podnik\u016fm, dodavatel\u016fm a z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm komunikovat online a bezpe\u010dn\u011b sd\u00edlet informace.   <\/p>\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p>Z technick\u00e9ho hlediska je ka\u017ed\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis vytvo\u0159en\u00fd pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed dokument jedine\u010dn\u00fd, a proto je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ho zfal\u0161ovat. Schopnost digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podpis\u016f zajistit integritu a pravost elektronick\u00fdch dokument\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 uv\u00e9st souhlas podepisuj\u00edc\u00ed osoby umo\u017e\u0148uje podnik\u016fm, dodavatel\u016fm a z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm komunikovat online a bezpe\u010dn\u011b sd\u00edlet informace.   <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sproof.com\/_next\/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsproofweb.s3.nl-ams.scw.cloud%2FBlog_Summary_Icon_e0bc1286c7.png&amp;w=3840&amp;q=75\" alt=\"- Digitale Signatur\"><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odbo\u010dka: Kdo jsou Alice, Bob a Mallory?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Alice, Bob a Mallory jsou fiktivn\u00ed postavy, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako synonyma pro hlavn\u00ed akt\u00e9ry komunikace a sd\u00edlen\u00ed dat. M\u00edsto toho, aby se mluvilo o anonymn\u00edch osob\u00e1ch, jsou tyto osoby personifikov\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed postav Alice, Boba a Malloryho. Tato metoda usnad\u0148uje prezentaci slo\u017eit\u00fdch vztah\u016f a proces\u016f a \u010din\u00ed je pro \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e srozumiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi.    <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Kdo jsou Alice a Bob?<\/strong><br\/>Alice a Bob jsou reprezentativn\u00ed postavy \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f komunikace mezi dv\u011bma stranami. Alice vystupuje jako inici\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd navazuje komunikaci. Bob p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 roli osoby, kter\u00e1 zpr\u00e1vu p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1. V\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu se Alice sna\u017e\u00ed doru\u010dit zpr\u00e1vu Bobovi, zat\u00edmco Bob \u010dek\u00e1 na zpr\u00e1vu od Alice.     <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Kdo je Mallory?<\/strong><br\/>Mallory je aktivn\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk na komunikaci, kter\u00fd se neboj\u00ed zasahovat do komunikace a manipulovat se zpr\u00e1vami nebo m\u011bnit data. Jako mu\u017e uprost\u0159ed (man-in-the-middle, MITM) je Mallory nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd zejm\u00e9na pro Alici a Boba, kte\u0159\u00ed se p\u0159ed n\u00edm mohou chr\u00e1nit pomoc\u00ed kryptografie.<br\/>Bez pou\u017eit\u00ed kryptografie &#8230;   <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8230; p\u0159enosy dat jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k manipulaci t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami. Spole\u010dnost Mallory by nap\u0159\u00edklad mohla zachycen\u00e9 \u00fadaje pou\u017e\u00edt pro sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely nebo je nepozorovan\u011b zm\u011bnit.   <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230; Mallory se mohl vyd\u00e1vat za jinou osobu a z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fdm informac\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230; Alice mohla nepozorovan\u011b tvrdit, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u00fadaje zfal\u0161oval Mallory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8230; kryptografie NEN\u00cd schopna zabr\u00e1nit tomu, aby Mallory nepozorovan\u011b zm\u011bnil nebo zachytil data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230; \u017ee p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed nebo zamezen\u00ed spojen\u00ed nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230; Pou\u017eit\u00ed kryptografie je nicm\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm ochrann\u00fdm mechanismem, kter\u00fd minimalizuje riziko manipulace s daty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>Kdo je Trent?<\/strong><br\/>Trent, odvozen\u00fd z anglick\u00e9ho &#8220;trusted entity&#8221;, je d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e1 t\u0159et\u00ed strana. Nap\u0159\u00edklad jako certifika\u010dn\u00ed autorita, zkr\u00e1cen\u011b CA.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak funguje kvalifikovan\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29068,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[475],"tags":[503,502,500,504,499,501],"class_list":["post-29067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-znalostni-prispevek","tag-digitalni-podpisy","tag-fez","tag-podpisove-normy","tag-procesy-digitalniho-podpisu","tag-qes","tag-sproof-sign"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29067","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29067"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29072,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29067\/revisions\/29072"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp-staging.sproof.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}